Composites
What are composites?
Composite materials consist of two or more different kinds of material.
The materials for a composite material are chosen because they have different properties that work together to make a more useful material. The properties of each material in the composite are described as enhancing each other.
Examples of composites:
- Breathable fabrics: Breathable fabrics are composite materials that combine the advantages of nylon (durable, light, and waterproof) and breathability. They prevent rain from entering while allowing sweat to evaporate to the outside.
- Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP): Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) is made from carbon fibre that is strong and light but very flexible, and a polymer resin that is stiff but weak. CFRP is rigid, strong and light which makes it perfect for designing advanced racing bike frames.
- Fibreglass: Fibreglass is made from a network of glass fibres embedded in a tough polymer. The glass fibres make the material strong, the polymer makes it lightweight. These properties make it useful for making these kayaks that have to float and could be hit by rocks when travelling down a river.
- Reinforced concrete: Reinforced concrete is a composite material. It is made by pouring concrete around a mesh of steel cables. When the concrete hardens, the material is strong when stretched (because of the steel) and strong when compressed (because of the concrete).
- Medium density fibreboard (MDF): MDF is made from wood fibres and glue. It is easy to shape, flexible and can be painted and glued easily. It can be made into different thicknesses. This makes it useful for making furniture.
Summary:
- Composite materials consist of two or more different kinds of material.
- Composite materials are artificial and are made by a chemical process.
- Composite materials are designed for specific uses.